Chinese Cities - Chengdu
Chinese Culture
Chinese Arts and Crafts
Chengdu, abbreviated as "蓉", also known as 蓉城 and 锦城, is the capital of Sichuan Province, a sub-provincial city, megacities, and a core city in the dual-city economic circle in the Chengdu-Chongqing region. It is an important central city in western China approved by the State Council and an important country High-tech industrial base, a commerce and logistics center, and a comprehensive transportation hub. As of 2019, the city has 12 municipal districts, 3 counties, and 5 county-level cities under its jurisdiction, with a total area of 14,335 square kilometers, a built-up area of 949.6 square kilometers, and a permanent population of 16,581,000. The population is 12,337,900, and the urbanization rate is 74.41%.
Chengdu is located in China Southwest China, Sichuan western Chengdu Plain hinterland, the territory is flat, crisscrossed rivers, rich, well-developed agriculture, is a subtropical monsoon climate, since ancient times " Land of Abundance " reputation, is the Chinese people The resident station of the PLA’s western theater, as an important global electronic information industry base, has 30 national-level scientific research institutions, 67 national-level R&D platforms, 56 universities, and about 389 various types of talents. Ten thousand people; 301 of the world's top 500 companies settled in 2019.
Chengdu is the country's top ten ancient capitals and the first batch of national historical and cultural cities, the birthplace of ancient Shu civilization. The Jinsha site in the territory has a history of 3,000 years. The King of Zhou said that "一年成聚，二年成邑，三年成都", hence the name Chengdu; Shuhan, Chenghan, Qianshu, and Hou The Shu and other regimes established their capital here successively; it has always been the state and county governor of each dynasty; the Han is one of the five largest cities in the country; the Tang is one of the most developed industrial and commercial cities in China, historically known as "扬一益二"; the Northern Song Dynasty is outside Bianjing The second largest city, invented the world's first paper currency, Jiaozi. It has such historical sites as Dujiangyan, Wuhou Temple, Du Fu Thatched Cottage, and is the best tourist city in China.
Geographical environment
Location
Chengdu is located in the western part of the Sichuan Basin, on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, adjacent to Deyang City in the northeast, Ziyang City in the southeast, Meishan City in the south, Ya'an City in the southwest, and Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in the northwest. The geographic location is 102°E. 54'~104°53', between 30°05' and 31°26' north latitude. In 2016, the city's land area was 14,335 square kilometers, and the urban area was 4,241,81 square kilometers, of which the built-up area was 931.58 square kilometers.
Topography
Chengdu is located on the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, and its terrain slopes from northwest to southeast; the west belongs to the edge of the Sichuan Basin, dominated by deep hills and mountains, and the elevation is mostly between 1000 and 3000 meters. The highest point is in Daxue Town, Xiling Town, Dayi County. Tang (Miaoji Ridge), with an altitude of 5364 meters; the eastern part belongs to the basin bottom plain of the Sichuan Basin, formed by alluvial rivers such as the Minjiang River and the Nianjiang River. It is the central zone of the Chengdu Plain, which is mainly composed of plains, platforms and some low mountains and hills. , The altitude is generally around 750 meters, the lowest point is at the bank of the Tuojiang River in Jianyang City, with an altitude of 359 meters. Due to the huge vertical height difference, Chengdu has formed a unique landform type of one-third of the plain, one-third of the hills, and one-third of the mountains in the city; due to the significant difference in climate, there are obvious differences in heat. The vertical climatic zone, therefore, has a wide variety of biological resources in the region, complete categories, and relatively concentrated distribution.
Climate
Chengdu belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate, with the climate characteristics of early spring, hot summer, cool autumn, and warm winter. The annual average temperature is 16°C and the annual rainfall is about 1000 mm. A notable feature of the Chengdu climate is cloudy and foggy, and the sunshine time is short. The "Shu Dog Barking Sun" in the folk proverb is a vivid description of this climate feature. Another notable feature of the Chengdu climate is the humid air. Therefore, although the temperature in summer is not high (the highest temperature generally does not exceed 35°C), it seems sultry; the average temperature in winter is above 5°C, but due to many cloudy days and humid air, It looks very gloomy and cold. The rain in Chengdu is concentrated in July and August, and the winter and spring are dry and rainless, and there is very little snow and ice.
The extreme minimum temperature in Chengdu is -5.9℃. Most districts, cities and counties appear in December, and a small part appears in January. Chengdu belongs to the humid monsoon climate zone in the mid-subtropical zone. The most common wind direction throughout the year is quiet wind; the second most windy direction: northerly wind in June, July and August, and north-northeast wind in the remaining months.
Population
As of the end of 2019, Chengdu had a population of 16.581 million permanent residents, an increase of 251 million or 1.54% over the end of the previous year. Among them, the urban permanent population was 12.337,900, and the permanent population urbanization rate was 74.41%, an increase of 1.29 percentage points from the end of the previous year. At the end of the year, the household registration population was 150.007 million, an increase of 240,200 over the end of the previous year, and the household registration population urbanization rate was 62.54%. The central urban area ("11+2") had a permanent population of 10.907 million at the end of the year, an increase of 219 million over the end of the previous year, and a permanent population of 4.37 million people.
Chengdu is a multi-ethnic city. Except for the Han nationality, there are 55 ethnic minorities in the territory, and the resident ethnic minority population is 129,300. Among ethnic minorities, the top ten populations are Tibetan, Hui, Yi, Qiang, Tujia, Manchu, Miao, Mongolian, Zhuang, and Bai.
On May 26, 2021, the Information Office of the Sichuan Provincial People's Government held a press conference to announce the main data of the Seventh National Population Census in Sichuan Province: The permanent resident population in Chengdu exceeded the 20 million mark for the first time, reaching 20.938 million people. Fourth place.
Education
In 2019, 100 schools (kindergartens) were built, renovated, and expanded, 100,000 publicly-run degrees were newly put into use, and 397,000 children of migrants enrolled in Chengdu. At the end of the year, there were 56 regular colleges and universities (including higher vocational education) in Chengdu, with 869,000 undergraduate students, 17,000 doctoral students, 86,000 postgraduates, and 50,000 full-time teachers; 87 secondary vocational education schools with 18.4 students Ten thousand people, 9201 full-time teachers; 621 ordinary middle schools, 63 million students and 53,000 full-time teachers; 607 regular primary schools, 1.029 million students and 59,000 full-time teachers; 2,630 kindergartens, 3 years old There are 568,000 children in the kindergarten and above, and 42,000 full-time teachers.
In July 2020, it was selected as the National Demonstration Zone for the Implementation of New Curriculum and New Textbooks for General High Schools by the Ministry of Education.
Chengdu General Undergraduate Colleges
| School Name | Competent authority | School attributes |
|---|---|---|
| Sichuan University | Ministry of Education | World-class university construction university category A, 111 plan, 2011 plan |
| University of Electronic Science and Technology | World-class university construction university category A, 111 plan, 2011 plan | |
| Southwest Jiaotong University | World-class discipline construction universities, 111 plan, 2011 plan | |
| Southwestern University of Finance and Economics | World-class discipline construction universities, 111 plan, 2011 plan | |
| Southwest Petroleum University | Sichuan Provincial People's Government | World-class discipline construction universities, 111 plan |
| Chengdu University of Technology | World-class discipline construction universities | |
| Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine | World-class discipline construction universities | |
| Sichuan Agricultural University | World-class discipline construction universities, 111 plan | |
| Southwest University for Nationalities | National Ethnic Affairs Commission | Central-affiliated universities |
| Chinese People's Armed Police Force Police Academy | Armed police force | Deputy army level establishment, 2110 project |
| Chengdu University of Information Technology | - | Sichuan Province and China Meteorological Administration jointly build universities, the 2011 plan, the basic capacity building project for universities in the central and western regions, and the “double first-class” construction plan in Sichuan Province |
| Chengdu Institute of Physical Education | Sichuan Province and the State Sports General Administration jointly build colleges and universities | |
| Sichuan Normal University | The basic capacity building project of colleges and universities in the central and western regions, the Sichuan Province "Double First-Class" building plan | |
| Xi Hua University | ||
| Chengdu University [76] | Provinces and cities to build universities | |
| Sichuan Music College | Provincial Universities | |
| Chengdu Medical College | ||
| Chengdu Institute of Technology | ||
| Chengdu Normal University | ||
| Sichuan Institute of Tourism | ||
| Sichuan Institute of Communication | Sichuan Provincial Department of Education | Private colleges |
| Sichuan Institute of Business and Technology | ||
| Chengdu Neusoft University | ||
| Chengdu University of Arts and Science | ||
| Sichuan Film and Television Academy | ||
| Chengdu Vocational University of Arts | The first batch of undergraduate-level vocational education pilot schools in the country | |
| Jincheng College of Sichuan University | Independent Institute | |
| Chengdu University of Electronic Science and Technology of China | ||
| Tianfu Southwest University of Finance and Economics | ||
| Hope College, Southwest Jiaotong University | ||
| Chengdu College, Sichuan International Studies University | ||
| Chengdu Ginkgo Hotel Management College [77] |
List of colleges in Chengdu
| category | School Name | Remarks |
| Public Specialty | Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Architecture | National Demonstrative Higher Vocational Colleges, High-Quality Specialized Higher Vocational Colleges, Double High Plan |
| Chengdu Aviation Vocational and Technical College | ||
| Chengdu Textile College | ||
| Sichuan Transportation Vocational and Technical College | ||
| Chengdu Vocational and Technical College | National backbone higher vocational colleges, high-quality junior vocational colleges, double high plan | |
| Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Posts and Telecommunications | ||
| Chengdu Vocational College of Agricultural Science and Technology | Sichuan Demonstrative Higher Vocational Colleges, High-quality Junior Vocational Colleges, Double High Plan | |
| Sichuan Electric Power Vocational and Technical College | Sichuan Demonstrative Higher Vocational College | |
| Sichuan Vocational College of Finance and Economics | ||
| Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Industry and Commerce | ||
| Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational and Technical College | ||
| Sichuan Management Vocational College | - | |
| Sichuan Vocational College of Business | ||
| Sichuan Vocational College of Art | ||
| Sichuan Modern Vocational College | ||
| Sichuan vocational College of Cultural Industry | ||
| Private Specialty | Sichuan International Boasting Vocational College | Demonstrative Higher Vocational Colleges in Sichuan Province |
| Sichuan Tianyi College | - | |
| Sichuan Vocational College of Culture and Media | ||
| Sichuan Top Information Technology Vocational College | ||
| Sichuan Vocational College of Science and Technology | ||
| Sichuan City Vocational College | ||
| Sichuan Huaxin Modern Vocational College | ||
| Sichuan Southwest Aviation Vocational College | ||
| Sichuan Changjiang Vocational College | ||
| Sichuan Wenxuan Vocational College |
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